COPENHAGEN — Marathon U.N. climate talks lurched into overtime Friday with world leaders deadlocked on a deal to tame global warming, despite pleas for an agreement from U.S. President Barack Obama.
At the scheduled 6:00 p.m. close of a summit, the climax of 12 days of negotiations in Copenhagen, leaders were still thrashing through the text of a draft accord — deeply split over how to curb carbon emissions and muster the funds to combat climate change.
The blame game was already underway, with some of the leaders venting their frustration at the summit’s chair, Denmark, while leaders of small island states most at risk from rising sea levels expressed despair at events.
The haggling capped two years of deadlock over crafting a new U.N. treaty from 2013 that would reduce global warming from mortal threat to manageable peril.
After teams of negotiators and then ministers failed to end the impasse, it was left to the leaders themselves to work out the exact wording of a three-page draft accord.
Different versions of the document showed the leaders particularly split over whether to fix a firm date for finalizing a legally binding treaty in 2010, and a commitment to slashing global carbon emissions in half by 2050.
Scientists say failure to curb the rise in Earth’s temperature will inevitably lead to worsening drought, floods, storms, and rising sea levels.
Obama, whose presence here was intended to provide the momentum to propel the deal over the finishing line, pleaded for unity while acknowledging any agreement would be less than perfect. “No country would get everything that it wants,” he told the summit. “The question is whether we will move forward together, or split apart.”
U.N. chief Ban Ki-moon said leaders faced a defining moment in history — and urged them not to blow it. “The world is watching … It will be your legacy for all time,” said Ban.
Obama held nearly an hour of talks with Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao and lined up a second session for the evening in a bid to narrow the divide between the world’s two biggest emitters of Earth-warming greenhouse gases.
China, having said it will implement voluntary emission cuts, is resisting calls for international scrutiny for fear it would infringe on its sovereignty.
Obama’s plans to cut emissions stop well short of pledges from the European Union and Japan, but the president — already facing huge opposition to his proposals in Congress — is in a difficult position to go further.
Russian President Dmitry Medvedev said the world community had “clearly underestimated” the task of reaching even a general declaration.
One of Medvedev’s advisors said frustration boiled over in a meeting of around two dozen heads of state, many exhausted after working through the night. “Lots of countries made strong statements about their unhappiness over the organization of the summit and the president [Medvedev] noted the poor level of preparation of these documents,” Arkady Dvorkovich told reporters.
Barely an hour before the scheduled close, the 27 E.U. nations held their own meeting on the sidelines to discuss the state of play.
“Things are tough, but we don’t want a mediocre agreement,” French President Nicolas Sarkozy told reporters.
Japanese Prime Minister Yukio Hatoyama, who has offered nearly $20 billion towards a global climate fund, said failure to reach agreement would be a “disgrace.”
Venezuelan President Hugo Chavez was equally blunt in remarks, saying, “The meeting has not been a success — it has failed.”
Each draft did contain a call to prevent a rise in global temperatures of more than 2.0 degrees C (3.6 degrees F) compared with pre-industrial times. But that figure falls way short of the demands of threatened island nations who, with their very existence threatened by rising seas, have called for a cap of 1.5 C (2.7 F).
“Whatever the outcome, it looks bad for us,” said a member of the delegation from the Maldives, an archipelago which fears being swallowed up by the Indian Ocean in a matter of decades.
The draft also outlines a package for poor countries most vulnerable to the ravages of an overheating world, kicking off with $10 billion a year from 2010 to 2012, and climbing to $100 billion by 2020.
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