And in related news from the Big Apple: The city’s post-Sep. 11 restrictions on single-occupant vehicles entering Manhattan has led to 190,000 fewer people coming into the city by car every day, according to a study commissioned by business and labor leaders opposed to the ban. The study claims the restrictions could cost the city $1.5 billion in lost spending, tolls, and taxes over the course of the year; it further claims that the goals of the restrictions — to encourage people to enter the city by carpool or mass transit — are not being met, and that people are simply deciding not to go out on the town if they can’t go it alone. City officials, however, say the study is not comprehensive and fundamentally flawed.