As the world overheats, everyone from scientists to TikTok influencers is reaching for a fresh vocabulary to put words to what’s happening, coining new terms and assigning old ones new meanings. Here are a few of the words that best captured what it was like to live through a year that felt as though Earth might run out of heat records to break.

Art by Amelia Bates

Story by KATE YODER

Grist’s picks for climate words of the year

Global

boiling

The phrase “global warming” has been criticized for sounding too nice. The same can’t be said for global boiling. That sounds like it’s going to turn us all into soup.

CLIMATE WORDS OF THE YEAR

António Guterres, the United Nations Secretary-General, is the Shakespeare of scary climate phrases. His fiery speeches have brought us “code red for humanity” and “We are digging our own graves.” Not only did he warn that humanity had “opened the gates of hell,” but he also declared that Earth had entered the “era of global boiling” in July, the hottest month in at least 125,000 years.

July has been the hottest month in humanity’s history. 

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GLOBAL BOILING

CLIMATE WORDS OF THE YEAR

Popularized by South Pole, a Switzerland-based climate consultancy, the term has come to mean when companies go quiet  on their environmental commitments.

Greenhushing

Nearly a quarter of companies around the world are choosing not to publicize their milestones on climate action, according to a report from South Pole. While the practice makes it harder to scrutinize what companies are doing, some say greenhushing could be a good thing — after all, it’s stopping misleading advertisements.

Why have companies stopped talking about their climate pledges? It’s hard to criticize what you can’t hear.

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GREENHUSHING

Noctalgia

CLIMATE WORDS OF THE YEAR

Noctalgia refers to “sky grief,” or the feeling of missing a dark night sky. It was coined by the astronomers Aparna Venkatesan from the University of San Francisco and John C. Barentine from Dark Sky Consulting.

Nowadays, thanks to light pollution from cities, satellites, and even oil and gas production, the Milky Way is becoming a rare sight. Artificial light messes with our sleep and confuses wildlife, and the absence of true darkness is also a loss for culture and science. “We are witnessing loss of heritage, place-based language, identity, storytelling, millennia-old sky traditions, and our ability to conduct traditional practices,” wrote Venkatesan and Barentine.

Artificial light is polluting the night sky. What do we stand to lose?

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NOCTALGIA

Carbon

CLIMATE WORDS OF THE YEAR

Business-speak for companies reducing emissions in their own supply chains. The practice originated in the early 2000s with companies that rely heavily on agriculture, and it’s now being adopted by Nestlé, PepsiCo, and Apple.

insetting

Offsetting schemes often fail to deliver on what they promise. An investigation by The Guardian found that 94 percent of rainforest projects approved by the world’s biggest certifier, Verra, offering “no benefit to the climate.” Enter carbon insetting, in which companies attempt to remove emissions from within their own supply chains — the string of activities involved in producing and distributing their products.

Carbon offsets are ‘riddled with fraud.’ Can new voluntary guidelines fix that?

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CARBON INSETTING

Climate quitters

CLIMATE WORDS OF THE YEAR

In January, Bloomberg identified a new trend in the workplace: leaving your old job to work on climate change full-time.

A survey of 4,000 employees in the US and UK this year found that more than 60 percent of employees wanted to see their company take a stronger stance on the environment, and half said they would consider resigning if their companies’ values didn’t align with their own. Of course, staying at your current not-very-environmentally-friendly job and advocating for sustainability can make a big difference, too.

Starved of new talent: Who wants to work for the brands that brought you climate change?

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CLIMATE QUITTERS

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Forget “rizz.” These 10 words defined the hottest year ever.

How to describe 2023 in two words? Global boiling.