I'm not asking whether we should pass a serious climate bill before China acts. The answer to that question is obviously yes, as I've written many times (see The "China Excuse" for inaction and The U.S.-China Suicide Pact on Climate).
But as I noted in my post on Steven Chu's confirmation hearing for energy secretary, Sen. Evan Bayh (D-Ind.) made some worrisome remarks on the subject. Our very own David Lewis transcribed the exchange in the comments (here). I'm going to repost it below because Bayh is a thoughtful moderate who certainly understands the climate issue.
First, however, let me make a few comments. We have no chance to stabilize CO2 concentrations at 450 ppm (let alone 350), if China does not agree to cap its carbon emissions by 2020 (see "Must-read IEA report explains what must be done to avoid 6°C warming"). Right now, however, China seems to be willfully pursuing planetary self-destruction (see "China announces plan to single-handedly finish off the climate").
The international negotiation process that led to the Kyoto Protocol -- and that is supposed to culminate in another deal in Copenhagen at the end of this year -- is for all intents and purposes in a deep coma, even if most of the participants don't realize that (see "Obama can't get a global climate treaty ratified, so what should he do instead? Part 1"). Indeed, the only thing that could possibly revive it is China agreeing to a cap by no later than 2020. That alone means Obama's top international priority this year must not be Copenhagen, but rather China. Whether or not Obama needs some action by China to get a U.S. bill passed, his entire presidency and the fate of the planet rest on whether he can in fact get a China deal (see "What will make Obama a great president, Part 2: A climate deal with China").
Let me go further here, based in part on Bayh's remarks. I think it is rather obvious that if China simply refuses to agree to any strong emissions constraints sometime during Obama's (hopefully) two terms in office, than even if we had passed a climate bill in this country, the political support for the kind of carbon dioxide prices needed to achieve meaningful reductions by 2020 would just fade away. Second, I think it is even more obvious that the climate bill we could pass in this country would be considerably stronger if we could in fact negotiate a strong, bilateral GHG agreement with China (or trilateral with China and the E.U.) -- though presumably the Chinese side of things would be contingent on a U.S. bill passing.
I do not want to be misunderstood here: It is more than reasonable to argue, as I have repeatedly, that the U.S. should try to pass a bill first -- and such a bill may be the key to unlocking Chinese action. But Bayh's comments in his exchange with Chu suggest that may not work politically: